Others

Degasser breaks weak carbonic acid into carbondioxide and water. The unit operation used is stripping. The weak acid, either from weak acid cation or strong acid anion is introduced from the top of the degasser column. The Degasser column has ballrings to increase the contact area.

Air is blown from the bottom of the degasser tower. The air will split the Carbonic acid into carbondioxide and water , Co2 will be vented of from the degasser tower and the water will be collected in a tank. Degassed tower considered in a DM water system or in D Alclysing system when the alcalynity in the water is very high and the pay back of degasser tower is favorable.

Nano filtration is a stage of filtration between UF and RO where semi permeable membrane rejects high molecular weight salts. Nano filtration is essentially used for removal of hardness i.e., calcium and magnesium salts from water. It finds its utility as prefiltration to RO Systems and filtration for boiler feed water. The Principle used is same as that of Reverese Osmosis.

UV System is also one of the maseares for the disinfecteant of water. Water is passed through the UV light, which eliminates bactreia and viruses. UV is an electro magnetic radiation, having radiation from 10nm to 400nm. UV rays penetrate through harmful bacteria in water and eliminate them. Disinfecting through UV light is a very simple and effective method. UV system destroy 99.99% harmful microorganism without adding any chemicals. Since there is no chemical being added water does not change its taste or odour.

Ozone is an unstable molecule which readily gives up one atom of oxygen providing a powerful oxidizing agent which is toxic to most waterborne organisms. It is a very strong, disinfectant that is widely used. It is a very good disinfectant. Ozone is made by passing oxygen through ultraviolet light or a "cold" electrical discharge. To use ozone as a disinfectant, it must be created on-site and dosed in to the water. As compared to chlorine the issue of odour and smell is lesser. Ozone though is a very good disinfectant does not leave any disinfectant in residual water. This may be termed as advantage as well as disadvantage. It is applied as an anti-microbiological agent for the treatment, storage, and processing of foods.

Processes like Sand Filter /Ultrafiltration / Reverse Osmosis are the pressure driven process, whereas electrically driven approach encompasses electro-dialysis & electro di ionization. This Electro di Ionization process is generally applied when aim is to remove the ions (Cation & Anion) from water, & this is been achieved through the selective control & transport of ion species.

The fundamental principal behind electrically driven process is the passage of ions through a selective barrier (Ion Exchange Membrane) due to driving force (Electric field). Ion Exchange membranes play a critical role in this process & they are responsible for accepting & rejecting ions in the establishment of dilute & concentrate compartments. Electro di ionization is the process that based on selective migration of ions in solutions through the ion exchange membranes under activation of electric field.

This is a continuous process (Generation of process water as well as online regeneration) hence the same is also called as CEDI Technology (Continuous De Electro Ionization) CEDI is the most popular technology for electrically driven process in industries (Pharma Sector / Power Sector) as it separates the undesired ions from aqueous solutions at low operational cost & with the advantage that it does not generates the residues.